Advertise to over 10 million users across the globe.

We advertise your business in global network of affiliate portals,
each with own targeted auditory.
Our company gives you innovative advertising strategies that helps your company succeed on the Internet.
We will give you real and visible results and take your web-site to the next level.
Advertise to Over 10 Million individuals Now…

Increase your site search engine rankings

Be presented on search engines is one of the most critical ways to increase web-site
traffic and expose your business or service to customers who might be interested in your product.
All big search engines utilize a software to determine your web-site ranks.
Search engines know how many web-sites are linking to your web-site; more referrers and hits
better rank for your web site.
Get Higher Rank…

Millions of Customers

Connect your business to millions of shoppers looking for products and services.
Our auditory is constantly increasing and now it’s over 25 million unique customers every month.
We only work with high-quality local and international advertising webpages, which bring potential
visitors from North America, Western Europe and upcoming markets.
Get More Traffic, Get More Shoppers…

Please keep your eyes one this website www.smartwebsource.com for your website related service update… for maintain your website, transfer your website, redesign your website, Custom CMS, Content Management System, Content Digitization, Ecommerce/online store, your Blog, Membership related issues, Donation drive… or only web presence… for Small and medium sized companies.

Visit us for more details: www.smartwebsource.com

1. Enable/Disable Directory Listing

To have the web server produce a list of files for such directories, use the below line in your .htaccess.

Options +Indexes

2. To disable directory listing(an error (403) returned instead)

Options -Indexes

3. Ignore Files

Let’s say you have a directory with .jpg, .gif and .png image files. You only want the .png files to show in the directory listings. Add this line to your .htaccess.

IndexIgnore *.gif *.jpg

It works likes this: a robot wants to vists a Web site URL, say http://www.example.com/welcome.html. Before it does so, it firsts checks for http://www.example.com/robots.txt, and finds:

User-agent: *
Disallow: /

The “User-agent: *” means this section applies to all robots. The “Disallow: /” tells the robot that it should not visit any pages on the site.

There are two important considerations when using /robots.txt:

• robots can ignore your /robots.txt. Especially malware robots that scan the web for security vulnerabilities, and email address harvesters used by spammers will pay no attention.
• the /robots.txt file is a publicly available file. Anyone can see what sections of your server you don’t want robots to use.

So don’t try to use /robots.txt to hide information.

The “/robots.txt” file is a text file, with one or more records. Usually contains a single record looking like this:

User-agent: *
Disallow: /cgi-bin/
Disallow: /tmp/
Disallow: /~joe/

In this example, three directories are excluded.

Note that you need a separate “Disallow” line for every URL prefix you want to exclude — you cannot say “Disallow: /cgi-bin/ /tmp/” on a single line. Also, you may not have blank lines in a record, as they are used to delimit multiple records.

Note also that globbing and regular expression are not supported in either the User-agent or Disallow lines. The ‘*’ in the User-agent field is a special value meaning “any robot”. Specifically, you cannot have lines like “User-agent: *bot*”, “Disallow: /tmp/*” or “Disallow: *.gif”.

What you want to exclude depends on your server. Everything not explicitly disallowed is considered fair game to retrieve. Here follow some examples:

To exclude all robots from the entire server

User-agent: *
Disallow: /

To allow all robots complete access

User-agent: *
Disallow:

(or just create an empty “/robots.txt” file, or don’t use one at all)

To exclude all robots from part of the server

User-agent: *
Disallow: /cgi-bin/
Disallow: /tmp/
Disallow: /junk/

To exclude a single robot

User-agent: BadBot
Disallow: /

To allow a single robot

User-agent: Google
Disallow:

User-agent: *
Disallow: /

To exclude all files except one

This is currently a bit awkward, as there is no “Allow” field. The easy way is to put all files to be disallowed into a separate directory, say “stuff”, and leave the one file in the level above this directory:

User-agent: *
Disallow: /~joe/stuff/

Alternatively you can explicitly disallow all disallowed pages:

User-agent: *
Disallow: /~joe/junk.html
Disallow: /~joe/foo.html
Disallow: /~joe/bar.html

To prevent directory listings, create a .htaccess file following the main instructions and guidance which includes the following text:

IndexIgnore *

The above lines tell the Apache Web Server to prevent directory listings of directories and files within the directory containing the .htaccess file. The ‘*’ represents a wildcard, this means it will not display any files. It is possible to prevent listings of only certain file types, so for example you can show listings of ‘.html’ files but not your ‘.zip’ files.

To prevent listing ‘.zip’ files, create a .htaccess file following the main instructions and guidance which includes the following text:

IndexIgnore *.zip

The above line tells the Apache Web Server to list all files except those that end with ‘.zip’.

To prevent listing multiple file types, create a .htaccess file following the main instructions and guidance which includes the following text:

IndexIgnore *.zip *.jpg *.gif

The above line tells the Apache Web Server to list all files except those that end with ‘.zip’, ‘.jpg’ or ‘.gif’.

Alternatively, if your server does not allow directory listings and you would like to enable them, create a .htaccess file following the main instructions and guidance which includes the following text:

Options +Indexes

The above line tells the Apache Web Server to enable directory listing within the directory containing this .htaccess file. You can also reverse this to disable directory listings by replacing the plus sign before the text ‘Indexes’ with a minus sign. e.g. ‘Options -Indexes‘.

php_value upload_max_filesize 5M

php_value memory_limit 300M

php_value max_execution_time 259200

php_value max_input_time 259200

php_value session.gc_maxlifetime 1200

php_value memory_limit 300M – Set higher default php_value memory_limit in .htaccess

upload_max_filesize 5M – it increases default upload limit. The default upload limit is 2MB. the above htaccess increase increases file limit 2mb to 5 mb

php_value max_execution_time:

Set the number of seconds a script is allowed to run. If this is reached,

the script returns a fatal error. The default limit is 30 seconds or, if it

exists, the max_execution_time value defined in the configuration file. If

seconds is set to zero, no time limit is imposed.

php_value session.gc_maxlifetime:

The session.gc_maxlifetime only sets the age of the session files that will be deleted when

garbage collection runs.

If you have a busy web site with a lot of sessions being created, garbage collection will

run based on session.gc_probability/session.gc_divisor. Despite this being called

“probability” I tested this and it is strictly a count. Using the default

gc_probability/gc_divisor of 1/100, this means that garbage collection will run every 100

new sessions (Edit: Actually this occurs within the session_start() coding and would count

re-started sessions as well) and delete any existing session files that are older than the

session.gc_maxlifetime. There is no file locking on the session files, so active session

files will be deleted and things like users getting logged out will occur.

If this is on shared hosting and the session files are all kept in the default location and

someone else is using a smaller session.gc_maxlifetime or a more frequent

gc_probability/gc_divisor, then any of the session files will get deleted based on the

lowest value of gc_maxlifetime and the most frequent gc_probability/gc_divisor.

You need to increase session.gc_maxlifetime or make session.gc_divisor larger and if this is

on shared hosting, set session.save_path to be a location within your web space.

passwd

root/user in the prompt which displays, for example root@yourserver. In the three prompt lines which follow, insert the information Linux® asks for, i. e.:

Enter existing login password:

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Once you have done this, you will have changed your root/user password for your server successfully.

stringToTrim.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,""); //trim from both side
For left trim:
stringToTrim.replace(/^\s+/,"")

stringToTrim.replace(/\s+$/,"")

function trim(stringToTrim) {
	return stringToTrim.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,"");
}
function ltrim(stringToTrim) {
	return stringToTrim.replace(/^\s+/,"");
}
function rtrim(stringToTrim) {
	return stringToTrim.replace(/\s+$/,"");
}

// example of using trim, ltrim, and rtrim
var myString = " hello my name is ";
alert("*"+trim(myString)+"*");
alert("*"+ltrim(myString)+"*");
alert("*"+rtrim(myString)+"*");

ls : list files/directories in a directory, comparable to dir in windows/dos.

ls -al : shows all files (including ones that start with a period), directories, and details attributes for each file.

cd : change directory · · cd /usr/local/apache : go to /usr/local/apache/ directory

cd ~ : go to your home directory

cd – : go to the last directory you were in

cd .. : go up a directory cat : print file contents to the screen

cat filename.txt : cat the contents of filename.txt to your screen

chmod: changes file access permissions

The set of 3 go in this order from left to right:

USER – GROUP – EVERONE

Article provided by WebHostGear.com

0 = — No permission

1 = –X Execute only

2 = -W- Write only

3 = -WX Write and execute

4 = R– Read only

5 = R-X Read and execute

6 = RW- Read and write

7 = RWX Read, write and execute

Usage:

chmod numberpermissions filename

chmod 000 : No one can access

chmod 644: Usually for HTML pages

chmod 755: Usually for CGI scripts

chown: changes file ownership permissions

The set of 2 go in this order from left to right:

USER – GROUP

chown root myfile.txt : Changes the owner of the file to root

chown root.root myfile.txt : Changes the owner and group of the file to root

tail : like cat, but only reads the end of the file

tail /var/log/messages : see the last 20 (by default) lines of /var/log/messages

tail -f /var/log/messages : watch the file continuously, while it’s being updated

tail -200 /var/log/messages : print the last 200 lines of the file to the screen

more : like cat, but opens the file one screen at a time rather than all at once

more /etc/userdomains : browse through the userdomains file. hit Spaceto go to the next page, q to quit

pico : friendly, easy to use file editor

pico /home/burst/public_html/index.html : edit the index page for the user’s website.

File Editing with VI ssh commands

vi : another editor, tons of features, harder to use at first than pico

vi /home/burst/public_html/index.html : edit the index page for the user’s website.

Whie in the vi program you can use the following useful commands, you will need to hit SHIFT + : to go into command mode

:q! : This force quits the file without saving and exits vi

:w : This writes the file to disk, saves it

:wq : This saves the file to disk and exists vi

:LINENUMBER : EG :25 : Takes you to line 25 within the file

:$ : Takes you to the last line of the file

:0 : Takes you to the first line of the file

grep : looks for patterns in files

grep root /etc/passwd : shows all matches of root in /etc/passwd

grep -v root /etc/passwd : shows all lines that do not match root

ln : create’s “links” between files and directories

ln -s /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd.conf : Now you can edit /etc/httpd.conf rather than the original. changes will affect the orginal, however you can delete the link and it will not delete the original.

last : shows who logged in and when

last -20 : shows only the last 20 logins

last -20 -a : shows last 20 logins, with the hostname in the last field

w : shows who is currently logged in and where they are logged in from.

who : This also shows who is on the server in an shell.

netstat : shows all current network connections.

netstat -an : shows all connections to the server, the source and destination ips and ports.

netstat -rn : shows routing table for all ips bound to the server.

top : shows live system processes in a nice table, memory information, uptime and other useful info. This is excellent for managing your system processes, resources and ensure everything is working fine and your server isn’t bogged down.

top then type Shift + M to sort by memory usage or Shift + P to sort by CPU usage

ps: ps is short for process status, which is similar to the top command. It’s used to show currently running processes and their PID.

A process ID is a unique number that identifies a process, with that you can kill or terminate a running program on your server (see kill command).

ps U username : shows processes for a certain user

ps aux : shows all system processes

ps aux –forest : shows all system processes like the above but organizes in a hierarchy that’s very useful!

touch : create an empty file

touch /home/burst/public_html/404.html : create an empty file called 404.html in the directory /home/burst/public_html/

file : attempts to guess what type of file a file is by looking at it’s content.

file * : prints out a list of all files/directories in a directory

du : shows disk usage.

du -sh : shows a summary, in human-readble form, of total disk space used in the current directory, including subdirectories.

du -sh * : same thing, but for each file and directory. helpful when finding large files taking up space.

wc : word count

wc -l filename.txt : tells how many lines are in filename.txt

cp : copy a file

cp filename filename.backup : copies filename to filename.backup

cp -a /home/burst/new_design/* /home/burst/public_html/ : copies all files, retaining permissions form one directory to another.

cp -av * ../newdir : Copies all files and directories recurrsively in the current directory INTO newdir

mv : Move a file command

mv oldfilename newfilename : Move a file or directory from oldfilename to newfilename

rm : delete a file

rm filename.txt : deletes filename.txt, will more than likely ask if you really want to delete it

rm -f filename.txt : deletes filename.txt, will not ask for confirmation before deleting.

rm -rf tmp/ : recursively deletes the directory tmp, and all files in it, including subdirectories. BE VERY CAREFULL WITH THIS COMMAND!!!

TAR: Creating and Extracting .tar.gz and .tar files

tar -zxvf file.tar.gz : Extracts the file

tar -xvf file.tar : Extracts the file

tar -cf archive.tar contents/ : Takes everything from contents/ and puts it into archive.tar

gzip -d filename.gz : Decompress the file, extract it

ZIP Files: Extracting .zip files shell command

unzip file.zip

Firewall – iptables commands

iptables -I INPUT -s IPADDRESSHERE -j DROP : This command stops any connections from the IP address

iptables -L : List all rules in iptables

iptables -F : Flushes all iptables rules (clears the firewall)

iptables –save : Saves the currenty ruleset in memory to disk

service iptables restart : Restarts iptables

Apache Shell Commands

httpd -v : Outputs the build date and version of the Apache server.

httpd -l : Lists compiled in Apache modules

httpd status : Only works if mod_status is enabled and shows a page of active connections

service httpd restart : Restarted Apache web server

MySQL Shell Commands

mysqladmin processlist : Shows active mysql connections and queries

mysqladmin drop databasenamehere : Drops/deletes the selected database

mysqladmin create databasenamehere : Creates a mysql database

Restore MySQL Database Shell Command

mysql -u username -p password databasename < databasefile.sql : Restores a MySQL database from databasefile.sql

Backup MySQL Database Shell Command

mysqldump -u username -p password databasename > databasefile.sql : Backup MySQL database to databasefile.sql

kill: terminate a system process

kill -9 PID EG: kill -9 431

kill PID EG: kill 10550

Use top or ps ux to get system PIDs (Process IDs)

EG:

PID TTY TIME COMMAND

10550 pts/3 0:01 /bin/csh

10574 pts/4 0:02 /bin/csh

10590 pts/4 0:09 APP

Each line represents one process, with a process being loosely defined as a running instance of a program. The column headed PID (process ID) shows the assigned process numbers of the processes. The heading COMMAND shows the location of the executed process.

Putting commands together

Often you will find you need to use different commands on the same line. Here are some examples. Note that the | character is called a pipe, it takes date from one program and pipes it to another.

> means create a new file, overwriting any content already there.

>> means tp append data to a file, creating a newone if it doesn not already exist.

< send input from a file back into a command.

grep User /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf |more

This will dump all lines that match User from the httpd.conf, then print the results to your screen one page at a time.

last -a > /root/lastlogins.tmp

This will print all the current login history to a file called lastlogins.tmp in /root/

tail -10000 /var/log/exim_mainlog |grep domain.com |more

This will grab the last 10,000 lines from /var/log/exim_mainlog, find all occurances of domain.com (the period represents ‘anything’,

– comment it out with a so it will be interpretted literally), then send it to your screen page by page.

netstat -an |grep :80 |wc -l

Show how many active connections there are to apache (httpd runs on port 80)

mysqladmin processlist |wc -l

Show how many current open connections there are to mysql

[Source: webhostgear.com]